esson



Dec. 1a, 1945 E. ESSON 2,391,144

HEATER 7 Filed Sept. 19, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Edwm sson ATTORNEY E. ESSON Dec. 18, 1945.

HEATER Filed Sept. 19, 1941 '3 Sheets-Sheet 5 {NVENTOR gdwm Essa/7.

ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 18, 1945 UNITE 1 STAT Efs'; PATENTDFFICE I iEdwin Esson, Kansas ,City, Moi, assignor toLocke Stove Company, Kansas City,v Mo.. a corpora.-'

tion of Missouri Application September 19,1941. SerialNoi 41 1l535 '9 iins. i(o1.'1zs' 7 y I and a substantially cylindrical fuel-magazine arranged to provide flue ducts inthe corners-of" the heater through which products of combustion are discharged fromthe fire-pot and. in' which burnable gases are consumed prior to discharge into a'chimney.

A further object of the invention is .tor'proa vide a grate basket structure designed for ade.-': quate support of the refractory liners which formthe sides of the fuel magazine and to provide the grate basket with outlets to the respective corner flues.

draft air ducts connecting the secondary air: sup-x ply chamber with outlet ends of the flue, ducts. for supplying secondary air to supportscombuse:

' tion of any smoke particles or unconsumed-burn-i able gas discharged from the upper end of :the

flue ducts; to provide the :secondaryiairfducts in heat exchange relation with the flue ducts;

to reduce-temperature of the hue ducts and flirt-J ,ther preheat. the secondary air; .to .provide the;

grate basket with means for "passing air over :the outlets to the flue ducts for cooling supports which carry, the refractory liners; to providelfor. discharging such air into the lower ends of the.

V flue ducts thereby insuring thorough combustion; toprovide a movable vane forcontrolling inlet of airto the secondary air chamber which is adapted for automatic operation responsive'to" the amount of draft through the flue ducts; ito

provide the upper portionof the magazine with incidental to filling the magazine and which serve as a support for holding Ithe'refractory liner irr Other objects of the invention are to provide G of Fig. 2...

nected atthe corners on rounding curves 1. The

theheaterjfrom the floor and provide for air cirferrediorms of which are illustrated in the accompanyin'gdrawings. wherein:

'-Fi '1; aperspective view of a heater constructed'in' accordance with the present invengtion, a portion' of -the' side walls being broken away to betteriillustrate-the fuel magazine, corner flues; and updraft ducts. 1 1 a Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the heater,

- Fig. -3 is 'a section transversely of the section showninFigiz -r: V 7 Fig. 4 is a 'verticalsection through one side of the heater takeniona plane extending. through a corner of the'heater; j v V :Fig. ,5 is a detail perspective view of .the fuel 1 guard and mixing baflle. .1 v

Fig. dis a fragmentary perspective view of one corner of the-grate basket illustrating the flue duct passageway; and showing the. bridge member for. supporting the, refractory lining thereabove.

Fig. 7 is a horizontal section through the heater on the line of Fig.2.

.Fig. '81s, a similar section on the line 88 of Fig.2.] 1 .7

.Fig.- 9 is a horizontal section on the'line 9-9 Fig. 101a fragmentaiy i erspective view of the heater showing the refractory lining removed to better illustrate,,thegrate basket construction 30 and its connection with the updraft ducts.

Referring more iri'detail to the drawings:

a I designates a;heat er constructed in accordance -with the present invention and which includes an o uter, shell-like body 2 having'side walls 3+4 and i'ront and back walls 5'6 intercom lower portion fof theheater loody terminates in an inwardly extending.;.perimetrical flange 8 for support upon a base into space the bottom 40 of culation thereunder. ;'Ifhe bottom I 0 is supported on the flange 8 and cooperates with a grat basket assembly H to form a combined ash-pit and primary air chamber,l 2 ,therebetween. Formed in guards'for preventing clogging of theflue-ducts: e 0f e hea ror opening I 0f :Ltsuflicient dimensions to permit insertion and replace and insure-thorough mixture-'ofthaflue ases; and to provide the heater with-a remove. able ash-pan provided with side rails to retain the ash-pitdoor in horizontal open DOSltlOII dUIT ingwithdrawa-l of the pan, thereby facilitating removal of the ashes.

- In accomplishing these'and-otherobiects "of;

the invention, as hereinafter pointed out, I have 5 5 air into. the ash-pit o. Supp t com O h moval of an -ash-panpl i to and from the ash-pit. The opening I3 is provided with a fram l5 havinga door i6 hinged along the upper portion thereof as indicated at ll so that the door swings downwardly and is'normally retained closed incidental to ,weight thereof. I Formed in the frontlof the door is a primary airintake opening. for admission of primary fuel carried in the grate basket assembly. In order to facilitate removal of the pan the sides thereof are provided with guard rails l9 which are adapted to hold the ash-pit door l6 in ho rizontally open position during removal or insertion of the pan, thereby facilitating manipulation of the door while removing the ashes.

The grate basket assembly includes a. substantially retangular "frame 20, inset within the heater body and engaging the walls thereof as best shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 10. The upper portion of the frame is provided with inwardly extending h flanges 2| which seat a plate-like rim 22 of a fire-pot 23. i x d the corners thereof provided with angle-shaped notches 24 for discharge of secondary air from a secondary air chamber 25 thBVisfOrmBdbetWeen the plate portion 22 and a lower plate 26 which is inset within the lower portion of the frame 28, as best shown in Figs. 3. 4 and 10. The wall portion 21 of the fire-pot has-its lower end extending through the plate 26 in completing closure of the secondary air .chamber. Air is admitted to 'the secondary air chamber through a collar-like inlet 28 projectmg through th rear wallof the heater and which is provided with a damper 29 adapted to control inlet of secondary air responsive to draftas later described: y

The damper 29 is of the butterflytype :and is pivoted in opposite sides of the collar 28 on trunnions 3B. The damper is normally retained in closed position responsive to .aweight 3 that is attached to the lower portion thereof asshownin Fig. 2. Closure of the damper may be adjusted by a. screw 32 so as to assure an adequate amount of air under minimum .draft conditions. The weight 3 is also preferably adjustable so the-tit. may be set to maintain a predetermined pres-. sure differential in .these'condary air-chamber responsive to draft through the heater;

I The lower portion of the wall 21 terminates in inwardly extending fingers 33 supporting a shaker type grate 34 having openings 35 therethroughforlpassageof ashes from the fire-pot into the ash-pit and for admission of primary air. from the ash-pit into the fire-pottosupport primary combustionefthe-fuel therein.

' Formed in the corner of the plate portion 22, and. opening through the wall portion fl of the firespohare grate basket 'flues 36 "for directing products of combustion from thefire-pot upwardly through flue ducts 3! formed in-the'respective corners of the heater in inwardly spaced relation from the angle-shaped openings 24, previously referred to. "-Supported upon the plate portion of the grate basket assembly interme- (hate the grate basket flues, are vertically arranged'refractory tile liners 38, having flat rear faces '39 contacting th inner faces of-the heater walls and of a width to extend between the terminal ends of adjacent angle-shaped openings 24; The files have fiat side edges 40 adapted to abut against inturned flanges=4l of angle-shaped partitions 42'. The angle-shaped partitions have their lower ends seated upon the 22 of the grate basket assembly intermediate the openings 24 and grate-basket fiues 36*and are of length to extend to the top of the heater body for cooperating with the corner of the heater body to provide updraft ducts 43 for conveying 70 secondary air from the secondary air chamberto the'ulpper portionof the heater. From the sides 40, the tiles converge inwardly, asat' 44, and then outwardly at a lesser angle, as at 45, to iormsub' stantially V-shaped grooves 46. The inner faces plate portion 41 are of arcuate cross-section to cooperate with factureand handling thereof and the adjacent The rim or plate portion22 has I side edges of the intermediate tiles at the abutting ends thereof are provided with notches 56 which, when the tiles are in assembly, form slots 5! connecting the central portion of the fuel magazine with the flue ducts 53, the slots forming openings for discharge of gases evolved incidental to coking of the fuel and to'assure burning thereof within the flue ducts as later described. I

In order toprotect and adequately support the lower ends of the intermediate tiles where they extend across the grate basketfiuesI provide bridge members 58, having their ends supported in recesses 59 and so formed in Opposite sides of the grate basket flues. The bridge members are of trough-like shape to .form air passageways 6| having connection with the secondary air chamher through registering openings 62 formed in theside walls of the'grate basketflues'.

In order to assure circulation .ofair therethrough, the sides of the bridge members have nozzle-like outlets 63 extending into the flue ducts whereby the-draftcreatedtherein effects an induced flow of air-through the bridge members. This air is also used to 'aid in supporting combustion of smoke and bumable gases entering the flue ducts.

- Carried upon the body of the heater is a dome-. likettop'v 64,.having a 'perimetrical flange 65 engaging. everv the side walls and which is provided. with an inset, door opening 66 through which coal is supplied to :the magazine. The opening :is closed by .a door '61 suitably hinged along the top edge. of the 'openingand' is pro-. vided with ahandle bywhich it is readily moved. to and from open position. Also formed in the top 64, at the rear thereof; is a collar 68 adapted to be connected with event pipe 69 leading to a. chimney .(not shown). for venting the spent products of combustion.

In order to assure thorough mixture of the ,secondary :air with the gases and smoke particles that may be discharged from the upper ends of the flue ductsyandto provide'guards for preventing fuel from clogging the respective ducts, the

top of the magazine carries a guard member: 10,, best illustrated in Fig. 5,. which includes a substantially circular band H spaced from the side walls of the' dome-likeztop, to form passageways. l2 therebetween, and which is provided with a plurality of slot-alike openings 13 which connect the passageways 12 with the upper portion of the magazine and vent pipe '69. The uard Hi is further provided with trough-like bracket per-- tions 14 and 15, which 'bear upon the upper edges of the tile linings immediately under the door opening and 'vent respectively, as best shown in Fig. 2. The guardthus prevents any fuel beingdischarged. into the magazine from lodging inthe ducts and provides protection for I the liner at the point where the fuelis admitted-11116:

guard also acts as a baflle to assure thorough sageways in I with the portions of the assembled as described, a fire is kindled in the fire-pot portion of the grate basket assembly and the magazine is filled with fuel by way of the' door 61. The fuel in the fire-pot'burn's' and ef-' fects coking of the fuel immediately thereabove sofithatlthelevolved gases are dischar 011twardly through the slot-like openings 51 of the liner where they come into contact with air admitted through the primary air inlet is into the ash-pit through the grate and into the flue ducts. Burning of the fuel in the fire-pot is also supported by this passage of primary air and the flow is responsive to chimney draft. The products of combustion are drawn through the grate basket flues into the vertical ducts and are discharged into the passageways 12 where they mix with the secondary air drawn through the updraft ducts 43 to assure.combustion of smoke particles and any of the burnable gases prior to discharge through the vent pipe. The secondary air supply at the top of the heater is also sufiicient to support combustion of any gases moving directly through the bed of fuel in the magazine. v

During operation of the heater, air is drawn from the secondary chamber through the pasthe bridge members 58 and discharged into the lower portion of the flue ducts to further promote efilcient combustion, the

amount of air admitted to the secondary chamber being regulated responsive to draft acting upon the damper 29. After the fuel burns in the fire-pot, the ashes drop into the ash-pan and coked fuel gravitates into the fire-pot to maintain the fire while the fuel in the upper portion of the magazine follows into the coking space.

From the foregoing it is obvious that I have provided a heater construction designed for more eihcient control of combustion and which provides a heater or the magazine type having longer life for the reason that the parts which are subject to heat are located in heat exchange relation air supply, thereby reducing temperature of the parts and effecting preheating of the combustion supporting air.

It is also obvious that the invention is'particue larly' adapted to modern shape and that "the corners provide the vertical ducts through which products of combustion are discharged from the heater.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A heater of the character described including, a substantially rectangular jacket, a, grate basket supported in the jacket including a substantially rectangular plate portion supporting a fire-pot, L-shaped ducts having connection with the fire-pot and opening through the plate portion within the corner of said jacket, a secondary air chamber encircling the grate basket, means for admitting air from the secondary chamber into the L-shaped ducts, a refractory liner supported above the grate basket and having portions spaced inwardly from'corners of the jacket for providing vertical flue ducts in connection with said -L-shaped ducts, and secondary air supply ducts connected with the secondary chamber and located in heat exchange relation with'the flue ducts anddischarging atjthe upper ends of said,

lastnamedfiue ductaz: a v2. A heater. of the character. described includin ha substantially rectangular jacket, a grate 5 basketsupporte'd inthe jacket includinga substantially rectangular plate portion, supporting a fire-pot, L-shaped ducts having connection with thefire-pot and opening through the plate portionwithin the corner of said jacket, a secondary air chamber, surroundingthe, grate basket, means for admittingairfrom the secondary chamber into the L-shaped ducts, and a refractory liner supported above the grate basket and having portions spaced inwardly from corners of the jacket for providing vertical flue ducts in connection with said L-shaped ducts.

3. A heater of the character described including, a substantially rectangular jacket, a grate basket supported in the jacket includingv a substantially rectangular plate portion supporting a fire-pot, ducts having connection with the firepot andopening through the plate portion within the corners of said jacket, bridge members spanning said ducts, said bridge members, each having a passageway for flow of air to reduce the temperature of said members, and a refractory liner supported on said plate portion and said bridge members and having portions spaced inwardly from the corners of the jacket for providing vertical flues in connection with said ducts.

4. A heater of the character described including, a substantially rectangular jacket, a grate basket supported in the jacket including a substantially rectangular plate portion supporting a fire-pot, ducts having connection with the firepot and opening through'the plate portion within the corners of said jacket, bridge members spanning said ducts, each having a passageway for flow of air through the bridge members to 40 reduce the temperature thereof, a refractory liner supported on said plate portion and said bridge members and having portions spaced inwardly from the corners of the jacket for providing vertical fiues in connection with said ducts, and a secondary air chamber in heat exchange relation with the grate basket to reduce temperature of said basket and having connection with said air passage and to supply said air for the bridge members.

5. A heater of the character described including, a substantially rectangular jacket, agrate basket supported in the jacket including a substantially rectangular plate portion supporting a fire-pot, ducts having connection with the firepot and opening through the plate portion within the corners of said jacket, bridge members spanning said ducts and having an air flow passage,

a refractory liner supported on said plate portion and said bridge members and having portions spaced inwardly from the corners of the jacket for providing vertical flues in connection with said ducts, a secondary air chamber in heat exchange relation with the grate basket to reduce the temperatureof said basket and to supply said air for the bridge members, and secondary air ducts connected with the secondary air chamber 7 andhaving connection with the upper ends of the flue ducts.

' 6. A heater of the character described includ- 7o.ing a substantially rectangular jacket, a grate basket supported in the jacket including a substantially rectangular plate portionsupporting a fire-pot portion, L-shaped'ducts having connection with the sides of the fire-pot and opening 7 through the plate portion within corners of said jacket, and a refractory liner supported on said plate portion and providing afueimagazine above said grate basket, said liner having portions spaced from said corners of the jacket for prostantially rectangular plate portion supporting a 1o fire-pot portion, L-shaped ducts having connection with the sides of the fire-pot and opening through the .plateporti'on within corners of said jacket, a refractoryiiner supported on said plate I portion and providing a fuel magazine above said grate basket, said liner having portions spaced from said corners of the jacket for providing flue ducts coextensive with the magazine at said corners, and said liners having openings connecting the magazine with said flue ducts.

EDWIN ESSON. 

